Know Before You Go

Correct Answer: 3

Explanation: There are three species of orangutan—Bornean, Sumatran and Tapanuli. The Tapanuli orangutan was declared as a separate species in 2017 and is the most endangered great ape, with no more than 800 individuals in existence.

Photos—Brad Josephs 

Correct Answer: True

Explanation: The Borneo rainforest is the oldest on Earth. It is 130 million years old—the Amazon rainforest is only 55 million years old. 

Fun Fact: Borneo is the third largest island in the world!

Correct Answer: Palm oil

Explanation: Orangutans are losing their homes as forests are converted to palm oil plantations. Habitat loss is the greatest threat to this endangered primate. 

Correct Answer: Maroon langur

Explanation: Sunda flying lemurs, large flying foxes, western tarsiers, slow lorises and palm civets are all nocturnal. 

Correct Answer: False

Explanation: Wild orangutans can be found only on the Southeast Asian islands of Borneo and Sumatra in Indonesia. 

Correct Answer: Proboscis monkey

Explanation: Male proboscis monkeys use their sizable pendulous nose to attract mates. The organ creates a resounding call meant to impress females and intimidate vying males.

Correct Answer: Fruit

Explanation: Orangutans eat over 300 types of fruits, including wild figs, mangosteens, durians and lychees. They supplement their diet with leaves, bark, flowers, honey and insects. 

Correct Answer: Sun bears have the largest upper canines of any living predator.

Explanation: Bornean clouded leopards have the largest upper canines of any living predator. Sun bears have exceedingly long tongues, which they use to extract honey from hives. They are the smallest of all bear species, standing only 2.3 feet at the shoulder, and are named for their creamy golden chest patch, which legend says resembles the rising sun.

Fun Fact: The smallest elephant is the Borneo pygmy elephant at less than 8.2 feet tall.

Correct Answer: True

Explanation: Borneo’s rainforests are falling at an alarming rate due to heavy logging by the Malaysian plywood industry.

Correct Answer: All of the above

Explanation: World Wildlife Fund (WWF) has aided the orangutan by helping form the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil and securing protected areas of forests to reconnect orangutan subpopulations. WWF has also supported ecotourism and is providing community-based support for orangutan conservation.